It seems that Isaiah 11:12-16 was fulfilled in the Maccabean Wars as Ammon, Edom, Philistia and Moab were largely swallowed up in the Hasmonean kingdom. The expansion and progressive size of this kingdom is pictured here:
(Is 11:12-16 was not likely fulfilled in Esther as the Jews did not take plunder at that time contradicting Is 11:14.)